Knowing the essay types is essential when preparing for IELTS Writing Task 2. After reviewing numerous IELTS questions from official sources like Cambridge Practice Tests, I’ve identified five key IELTS essay types frequently appearing in exams.
In this post, we’ll explore these essay types using social media as a central theme, showing you how to structure answers and what examiners expect for Band 7+ scores.
1. Problem-Solution Essay
Task Example:
“The use of social media is replacing face-to-face interaction among young people.”
Questions:
- What are the causes of this problem?
- What solutions can address this issue?
Structure:
- Introduction: Paraphrase the topic + State the causes and solutions briefly.
- Body Paragraph 1: Causes (e.g., convenience, fear of rejection).
- Body Paragraph 2: Solutions (e.g., promoting offline events, setting screen time limits).
- Conclusion: Summarize causes and solutions.
Example Sentence:
“The young, especially teenagers, spend far too much of their day using social media instead of interacting with their peers offline.”
2. Opinion Essay (Agree or Disagree)
Task Example:
“Social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok negatively impact individuals and society. Therefore, they should be banned.”
Question:
- To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
Structure:
- Introduction: Paraphrase + State your opinion clearly.
- Body Paragraph 1: Why you agree (or disagree).
- Body Paragraph 2: Expand or present a balanced argument.
- Conclusion: Summarize your stance.
Example Sentence:
“I would argue that social networking websites are not necessarily harmful if used responsibly, although serious issues may arise with excessive use.”
3. Discussion Essay (Two Views and Your Opinion)
Task Example:
“Some people believe social media platforms prevent personal relationships, while others argue that they bring people together.”
Question:
- Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Structure:
- Introduction: Paraphrase the statement + Give your opinion.
- Body Paragraph 1: Discuss the first view (why it prevents personal relationships).
- Body Paragraph 2: Discuss the second view (why it fosters connections).
- Conclusion: Summarize both views and your opinion.
Example Sentence:
“Proponents of social media argue that these platforms play a pivotal role in fostering relationships by enabling long-distance communication and connecting like-minded individuals.”
4. Advantages and Disadvantages Essay
Task Example:
“Social media platforms encourage personal relationships and the spread of knowledge, but some see them as socially isolating and time-consuming.”
Question:
- Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Structure:
- Introduction: Paraphrase + State whether the advantages or disadvantages are stronger.
- Body Paragraph 1: Advantages (e.g., connecting with friends, accessing information).
- Body Paragraph 2: Disadvantages (e.g., wasting time, social isolation).
- Conclusion: Summarize your perspective.
Example Sentence:
“When used appropriately, social media platforms can be of enormous value, but excessive use clearly demonstrates the downsides.”
5. Direct Questions (Two-Question Essay)
Task Example:
“Young people spend more time on social networks.”
Questions:
- Why is this the case?
- What are the disadvantages of this trend?
Structure:
- Introduction: Paraphrase the topic + Mention the two questions.
- Body Paragraph 1: Answer the first question (why it happens).
- Body Paragraph 2: Answer the second question (negative effects).
- Conclusion: Summarize answers briefly.
Example Sentence:
“Many teenagers prefer social networks due to convenience, ease of use, and entertainment value, but excessive use can lead to a sedentary lifestyle and reduced personal interactions.”
Key Takeaways for IELTS Task 2 Success:
- Understand the Question Type: Read carefully to determine what the task requires.
- Stay Relevant: Avoid going off-topic by rereading the task regularly while writing.
- Be Clear and Organized: Use clear topic sentences, supporting ideas, and examples.
- Avoid Memorized Answers: Personalize your response to stand out.
