Invest in public transport or build new roads?
The question
Some people think governments should invest in public transport, while others believe building new roads is a better solution to traffic congestion. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
How to answer it
The single fact that wins this essay is induced demand: new road capacity fills up, usually within a few years, so building roads relieves congestion only temporarily. Give the road case its honest strengths first — freight, places too sparse for a bus network, journeys transit cannot serve — then use induced demand to land on transit, with the caveat that it only works if the service is frequent enough to be chosen freely.
What moves the band
- One named mechanism outperforms three generalisations in the examiner's eyes.
- Transport lexis: congestion, capacity, ridership, a park-and-ride, road pricing.
These are candidate recalls. These are questions reported by test-takers after their exams, not official or leaked IELTS material. Wording varies by test version, location and memory. Use them for timed practice — never as a prediction of what you will be asked.
Practise these next
Know the number. Now move it.
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